1.The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of thosehypotheses that dare not speak its name.

　　【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為The idea is one of those hypotheses。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明idea，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾hypotheses。

　　【譯文】有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，某些民族的智商可能要高于其他民族，這種觀點(diǎn)是一種不敢冠之以名的假設(shè)。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】dare not speak its name為一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"不敢說(shuō)出名"、"不敢冠之以名"、"無(wú)法說(shuō)出口"。

　　2.He helped popularize the idea that some diseasesnot previously thought to have a bacterial causewere actually infections, which aroused muchcontroversy when was first suggested.

　　【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句主干是He helped popularizethe idea。that...infections為 idea的同位語(yǔ)從句，其中not previously...cause作diseases的后置定語(yǔ);which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾the idea;when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其中代詞it也指代the idea。

　　【譯文】他曾經(jīng)使一種觀點(diǎn)廣為人知，即某些以前被認(rèn)為不是由細(xì)菌導(dǎo)致的疾病實(shí)際上也是傳染病，這一觀點(diǎn)在首次提出時(shí)就引起了很多爭(zhēng)議。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】1) arouse (not little/much/a lot of)controversy意為"引起(不少)爭(zhēng)議"。2) suggest意為"提出"。

　　3.ogether with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only suggeats thatone group of huamanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that hasbrought this about.

　　【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句主干為he is publishing a paper。which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾paper;該從句中又包含not only...but also...連接的并列句。在 not only分句中，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作suggest的賓語(yǔ);在but分句中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾process。

　　【譯文】他攜手其他兩位科學(xué)家一起發(fā)表了一篇論文，其中不僅表明有一個(gè)人類族群比其他族群更聰明，而且還解釋了導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的過(guò)程。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】bring about意為"引起;帶來(lái)"。

　　4.This group generally do well in IQ test, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and havecontributed disproportinately to the intellectual, andcultural life of the West, as the careers of their elites,including several world-renowned scientists, affirm.

　　【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為This group do well in IQtest and have contributed to the life。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)scoring...作伴隨狀語(yǔ);as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　【譯文】這一人群在高智商測(cè)試中普遍得分較高，(得分)比平均值高出12至15分;就像他們中的一些精英人士(包括一些享譽(yù)世界的科學(xué)家)的事業(yè)所證實(shí)的那樣，這一群人對(duì)于西方學(xué)術(shù)和文化生活做出了(同他們?nèi)丝跀?shù)量)極不成比例的貢獻(xiàn)。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】mean作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為"意味;意欲";作形容詞時(shí)，常意為"小氣的，吝嗇的"，在本句中意為"平均的"。

　　5.His argumet is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to uniqueevolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs.

　　【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句主干為His argumet is...。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾pressure。

　　【譯文】他的觀點(diǎn)是：這些人非同尋常的經(jīng)理使其承受了獨(dú)特的進(jìn)化壓力，從而形成了這一看似矛盾的狀況。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】result in意為"導(dǎo)致了...";需注意它與result from的區(qū)別，后者意為"由...引起的，起因于"。

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